Urinary retention is retention of urine in the bladder, may occur in acute or chronic.
Urinary retention may be caused by some type of urinary blockage or a problem with the nerves that control the communication between the brain and the bladder. These disease is also sometimes caused by a weak bladder muscle. There are numerous conditions that can cause damage to the nerves that control the signals between the bladder and brain.
These conditions include enlargement of the prostate gland, diabetes, stroke, vaginal childbirth, infections that affect the spinal chord and brain, multiple sclerosis, injury or trauma to the pelvis, injury or trauma to the spinal chord or brain, heavy metal poisoning, and nerve damage that is present at birth.
A bladder stone that becomes lodged within the urinary tract can also cause bladder retention as a larger stone can block the urine from flowing through the opening of the urethra. Constipation can also cause urinary retention if a hard stool in the rectum pushes against the urethra and bladder causing the urethra to become pinched or closed.
Numerous medications can also cause urinary retention - particularly those that are utilized to calm overactive nerve signals. These include medications that are used to treat muscle spasms, stomach cramps, anxiety, depression, and allergies, as well as those that are used to treat other bladder problems such as urinary incontinence or overactive bladder.
Nursing Diagnosis : Acute Pain related to inflammation of the urethra, bladder distension.
Outcomes:
- Stating the pain is relieved / controlled.
- Shows relax, rest and increased activity appropriately.
- Assess pain, note the location, intensity of pain.
- Plaster drainage hose on the thigh, and a catheter in the abdomen.
- Maintain bed rest when indicated.
- Provide comfort measures.
- Encourage use sitting soak, soapy to the perineum.
- Provide information to assist in determining interventions.
- Prevent erosion withdrawal bladder and penile-scrotal meeting.
- Bed rest may be needed in the initial phase of acute retention.
- Enhancing relaxation and coping mechanisms.
- Improve muscle relaxation.
